Speeding up chemical reactions is key to improving industrial processes or mitigating unwanted or harmful waste. Realizing these improvements requires that chemists design around documented reaction ...

A team of researchers affiliated with multiple institutions in China and the U.S. has found that it is possible to track the sliding of grain boundaries in some metals at the atomic scale using an ...

Valence electrons -- those residing in an atom's outermost shell and engaging in bonding with other atoms -- proved to be a pivotal factor. By using metals with a higher valence electron count, the ...

(Nanowerk News) By superimposing two laser fields of different strengths and frequency, the electron emission of metals can be measured and controlled precisely to a few attoseconds. Physicists from ...

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It’s a helpful rule of thumb: Main group elements prefer forming bonds that give them eight valence electrons; transition metals go for 18 electrons. Now scientists have shown that main group elements ...

For the first time, cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has been used to study the most challenging material in lithium batteries – the lithium metal anode. Previously, it was impossible to study ...

Samples of a class of ceramics, known as high-entropy carbides, that have been engineered to withstand more force and stress before breaking. Researchers have discovered a way to make ceramics tougher ...