Coulomb blockade is a phenomenon in which the flow of electrons through a nanostructure, such as a quantum dot or a single-electron transistor, is restricted due to the electrostatic repulsion between ...

The fluid-like movement of electrons in graphene was directly observed by physicists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for the first time at a nanometer resolution. The findings have the ...

Quantum current standards and single-electron pumps form the cornerstone of contemporary electrical metrology and the redefinition of the ampere. By exploiting quantum mechanical effects—such as the ...